Galatians 3

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:1

3:1 "O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you? It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified."

Commentary

The Centrality of the Cross

The blood of Jesus on the cross is the sole means of cleansing all sin. However, among the Galatians, many Gentile believers, lacking a deep understanding of Scripture, were easily misled by false teachings and distorted versions of the gospel. These deceptions, propagated by false teachers, threatened the purity of the gospel message. Paul responds to this with strong rebuke, aiming to restore the truth of the gospel.

"It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified"

• The Proclamation and Confirmation of the Gospel
  When Paul preached to the Galatians, he vividly and powerfully conveyed the events of Jesus' crucifixion and His atoning work. This proclamation was so clear that the Galatians perceived the truth of the cross as if they had witnessed it firsthand.
  
  

• A Figurative Expression
  This statement does not imply that the Galatians literally saw the crucifixion. Rather, it signifies that the gospel was deeply impressed upon their hearts and consciences, making the message of the cross undeniably real to them.
  
  

The Contrast Between Gospel and Law

The phrase "publicly portrayed as crucified" underscores the completeness and sufficiency of Jesus' atoning sacrifice. Yet, some Galatians had begun to waver, influenced by teachings that promoted righteousness through the works of the law. Paul points out the incompatibility of these false teachings with the true gospel and urges the Galatians to remember that salvation is by faith, not by works of the law (see Galatians 2:16 for more on this topic).

Paul's Purpose

Paul reminds the Galatians that the gospel they received is complete and cannot be combined with any other teaching. Following a message other than the gospel would effectively deny the atonement of Jesus on the cross. His words serve as a warning against compromising the truth of the gospel.

Summary

Galatians 3:1 is a passionate call for the Galatians to return to the pure gospel and resist being misled by false teachings. Paul emphasizes the sufficiency of Christ's crucifixion and warns against any distortion of the gospel that undermines the power of the cross. This verse serves as a reminder of the importance of holding fast to the true message of salvation through faith in Jesus Christ alone.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:2

3:2. I would like to ask you this: Did you receive the Spirit by works of the law, or by hearing with faith?

An Important Warning to Christians:
If one cannot properly distinguish the following terms used in the Greek New Testament, it is impossible to understand what "works of the law" truly mean. Therefore, only after fully understanding what these terms signify in the New Testament can one rightly discuss "works of the law."

Key Terms to Understand:
Noeo, Noema, Nomizo, Nomikos, Nomimos, Nomisma, Nomodidas, Nomodesa, Nomodeteo, Nomodetes, Nomos, Anomia

2 Peter 3:16-17
"He writes the same way in all his letters, speaking in them of these matters. His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.
Therefore, dear friends, since you have been forewarned, be on your guard so that you may not be carried away by the error of the lawless and fall from your secure position."

Works of the Law
To understand "works of the law" in the New Testament, two essential principles must be remembered.

1. The arguments about the law in the New Testament are rooted in the Hebrew Scriptures.
   The Greek New Testament is grounded in the thought system of the Hebrew Scriptures. This is clearly demonstrated in several passages:
   Romans 3:1-2
   "What advantage, then, is there in being a Jew, or what value is there in circumcision? Much in every way! First of all, the Jews have been entrusted with the very words of God."
   John 4:22-24
   "You Samaritans worship what you do not know; we worship what we do know, for salvation is from the Jews.
   Yet a time is coming and has now come when the true worshipers will worship the Father in the Spirit and in truth, for they are the kind of worshipers the Father seeks.
   God is spirit, and his worshipers must worship in the Spirit and in truth."

Babylon’s Opposition to Moedim and the Restoration of Pure Language

Isaiah 14:13-14
"You said in your heart, 'I will ascend to the heavens; I will raise my throne above the stars of God; I will sit enthroned on the mount (הַר) of MO-W-ED, on the utmost heights of Mount Zaphon.
I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.'"

Zephaniah 3:9-11
"Then I will purify the language of the peoples, that all of them may call on the name of the Lord and serve Him in one accord (shoulder to shoulder, or shoulder blade).
From beyond the rivers of Cush my worshipers, my scattered people, will bring me offerings.
On that day you, Jerusalem, will not be put to shame for all the wrongs you have done to me, because I will remove from you your arrogant boasters. Never again will you be haughty on my holy mountain(הַר)."

Definition of "Works of the Law"

Two Dimensions of Observing the Law (Torah)

1. Reinstituting the Law Fulfilled by the Blood of Christ (Abolished)

   • Claiming that the observance of laws related to animal sacrifices is necessary for righteousness.

   • Example: Offering animal sacrifices for the forgiveness of sins to achieve salvation.

   • This approach represents an attempt to achieve righteousness through the law, which contradicts the truth of the gospel. It undermines the completed work of Jesus Christ on the cross.

2. Observing the Law in Faith

   • True observance of the law involves reverence for the God who gave it and a faithful response to His voice.

   • Those who truly hear and believe in God's voice (through faith and the guidance of the Holy Spirit) will distinguish between the law fulfilled by Jesus Christ and the laws that served as shadows pointing to His work.

   • This mirrors Paul’s transformation before and after encountering Jesus, highlighting the importance of discerning the ultimate purpose of the law in light of the gospel.

Torah: Beyond Righteousness by Works

• Torah is not a tool for achieving righteousness through mere actions. Instead, it calls for a life of faith that listens to and obeys God’s Word.

• Observing the Torah in faith means aligning one’s life with God’s completed work through Jesus Christ while honoring the eternal principles of God’s instruction.

• The gospel emphasizes the completion and fulfillment of the law through the blood of Jesus, shifting the focus from ritual observance to a faith-driven relationship with God.

Summary

• "Works of the Law" in the context of Galatians refers to a misplaced reliance on legalistic practices, such as animal sacrifices, to achieve righteousness. This is contrary to the gospel truth.

• In contrast, true observance of the Torah involves faith, reverence, and obedience to God’s completed work through Christ.

• Faith enables believers to discern between the shadows of the law and its fulfillment in Jesus, fostering a life of spiritual growth and alignment with God’s purposes.

The Meaning of Hearing and Faith
The meaning of "hearing and faith" is clearly demonstrated in the Hebrew Scriptures:

Genesis 26:5 (Literal Yeshua Translation)
"Because Abraham listened to my voice and obeyed my commands, my decrees, my instructions, and my laws."

• Those who hear and believe God's voice follow His commands, decrees, and laws. Abraham’s faith and obedience exemplify this truth.

James 1:25 (Literal Yeshua Translation)
"But whoever looks intently into the perfect law that gives freedom, and continues in it—not forgetting what they have heard, but doing it—they will be blessed in what they do."

• True faith involves hearing and practicing what is heard, experiencing God's blessings as a result.

Commentary Summary
In Galatians 3:2, the Apostle Paul contrasts "works of the law" with "hearing with faith." Without faith in the living God, one cannot receive the Holy Spirit. The New Testament vividly describes the condition of those who condemned Jesus to death on the cross, portraying them as utterly depraved individuals. In simpler terms, these were people who did not believe that the living God examines the very depths of the human heart. They are described as faithless. Instead, they fell into the mistaken belief that humans could uphold the Torah on their own and thereby stand confidently before God.

Even during the early days of the gospel's spread, false teachers were actively at work. Believers, lacking a deep understanding of the Scriptures, accepted the gospel by faith but were still swayed by teachings that emphasized blood sacrifices. At the time, the New Testament was not yet completed, and knowledge of the Hebrew Scriptures was not widely accessible. This allowed the false teaching to spread widely, claiming that one must achieve forgiveness of sins and righteousness through "works of the law," leading to much confusion.

In response, the Apostle Paul clarified the essence of the gospel, boldly proclaiming that the work of the Holy Spirit is not achieved by adherence to the deeds prescribed by the law but is fulfilled through obedient faith.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:3 ~ 5

3:3 Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh?
3:4 Have you suffered so many things in vain—if indeed it was in vain?
3:5 So then, does He who provides you with the Spirit and works miracles among you do it by the works of the law or by hearing with faith?

Commentary

Returning to Works of the Law

Turning back to the works of the law reflects an attempt to rely on external rituals or deeds for righteousness, such as offering animal sacrifices for sin atonement. This behavior creates a repetitive cycle of sin and temporary atonement without genuine repentance or holiness. It is fueled by the evil and corrupt “yeast” of human nature, which resists true transformation.

Through the cross of Jesus Christ and the grace of the Holy Spirit, this corrupt “yeast” and self-centered actions are eradicated. This allows believers to pursue true righteousness and holiness. However, those clinging to the works of the law reject God’s redemptive plan, nullify the power of the cross, and commit a serious error. Even actions like following the commands of the Torah or performing good deeds, if done without reverence for God or genuine faith, are reduced to mere formalities.

Related Passages

Psalm 82:6–8 (Literal Translation)

6 I said, “You are gods, and all of you are sons of the Most High.
7 Nevertheless, you will die like men and fall like any one of the princes.”
8 Arise, O God, judge the earth! For all nations are Your inheritance.

John 10:34–39 (Literal Translation)

34 Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your law, ‘I said, you are gods’?
35 If He called them gods to whom the word of God came—and Scripture cannot be nullified—
36 do you say of Him whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world, ‘You are blaspheming,’ because I said, ‘I am the Son of God’?
37 If I do not do the works of My Father, do not believe Me.
38 But if I do them, even if you do not believe Me, believe the works, so that you may know and understand that the Father is in Me, and I in the Father.”
39 Therefore they sought again to seize Him, but He escaped out of their hand.

Reverence for God from a Divine Perspective

Do we possess genuine faith that allows us to hear and obey God’s voice through Jesus Christ? Reverence for God at the divine level, as demonstrated by Jesus, naturally manifests as holy and sacred. In comparison, any human attempt at reverence is exceedingly limited. True reverence begins only when one transcends human limitations and unites with God through the Holy Spirit.

When Jesus returns, He will establish this ultimate reverence throughout the world. Zechariah 14:20 illustrates this day:
“On that day, there will be inscribed on the bells of the horses, ‘HOLY TO THE LORD,’ and the cooking pots in the Lord’s house will be like the sacred bowls in front of the altar.”
This imagery symbolizes the universal manifestation of God’s holiness, transforming even the most mundane aspects of life into sacred expressions of His glory.

Conclusion: A Life That Reflects God’s Holiness

We are called to strive continuously to reflect God’s holiness in our words, actions, professions, and relationships. Yet, this holiness will only be fully realized upon Jesus’ return.

This anticipation calls us to await His return eagerly, a theme central to the Bible’s final message in Revelation 22:
“Amen, come, Lord Jesus” (Rev. 22:20).

Just as Galatians encourages immature believers to grow in faith, modern Christians are tasked with the same mission. In a world fraught with materialism, individualism, and secular pressures, we are challenged to pursue holiness and reverence under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Growth and the Call to Holiness

Despite these challenges, believers must pursue holiness and reverence with the Spirit’s help.

• Union with Scripture and Prayer: True holiness begins by meditating on God’s Word and seeking the Spirit’s guidance in prayer.

• Holiness in Everyday Life: All aspects of life must reflect God’s holiness, as signified in Zechariah 14:20, where even mundane objects like horse bells bear the inscription “Holy to the Lord.”

• Communal Practice: True reverence for God should extend beyond individual lives, manifesting within faith communities that bear witness to God’s love and holiness.

Following Jesus’ Example and the Believer’s Responsibility

Following Jesus’ example of holy reverence, we must faithfully live as God’s children. This calling demands not just religious acts or superficial faith but a daily walk with God through the Holy Spirit, reflecting His holiness in every area of life.

Contemporary Application: Galatians and Our Journey

The message of Galatians encouraged early believers to grow in faith, and it challenges us similarly today. Amid life’s trials and temptations, we are called to follow God’s will under the Spirit’s guidance. Faith is not a completed state but an ongoing journey toward maturity and sanctification.

Anticipating Jesus’ return, when this reverence and holiness will be fully realized, our lives should already serve as living testimonies of God’s holiness. Daily, we must witness the Spirit’s work and proclaim the Gospel of Christ, embodying hope for the Kingdom of God.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:6 ~ 7

3:6 Just as Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.
3:7 Therefore, know that those who are of faith are Abraham’s descendants.

Related Passages:

Genesis 15:6 (Literal Translation)

"And Abram believed the Lord, and He credited it to him as righteousness."

Genesis 26:5 (Literal Translation)

"Because Abraham obeyed My voice and kept My charge, My commandments, My statutes, and My Torah."

Commentary:

Hearing and Believing: A Hebraic Perspective

The concept of hearing and believing is best understood through the lens of the Hebrew Scriptures. Genesis 26:5 illustrates that true faith entails listening to and obeying God’s commands, statutes, and Torah. In Hebraic thought, faith is not merely intellectual assent or a sense of obligation but a holistic and relational obedience born out of love and respect. It mirrors the attitude of a dutiful child who listens to and follows their parent's guidance.

The Example of Faith in Jesus Christ

Jesus Christ exemplified perfect faith by His unwavering obedience to God the Father’s will. By fulfilling all commandments, statutes, and laws, He set a standard of righteous living for humanity.

Jesus demonstrated that faith is not simply a verbal declaration but a complete alignment of one's life with God's will, achieved through wholehearted obedience and sanctification.

The Cross: Fulfillment of Redemption

Jesus abolished the need for the animal sacrifices prescribed under the law by offering His own blood as the perfect atonement for sin.

While humanity could not achieve salvation through the works of the law alone, Jesus’ complete obedience and sacrifice opened the path to true redemption. His death and resurrection fulfilled God’s redemptive plan and established faith in Him as the ultimate means of justification.

Abraham’s Faith and Its Modern Application

Only those who emulate Abraham’s steadfast faith—listening to and obeying God’s voice—can genuinely be called his spiritual descendants.

However, such faith is only possible through the work of the Holy Spirit, which enables believers to experience a deep communion with God. Following the advent of Jesus Christ (and the ministry of John the Baptist), genuine faith is marked by belief in the message of the cross and the sealing of the Holy Spirit.

Modern Application: Living Faith in Today’s World

Contemporary believers must emulate the faith of Abraham and follow the example set by Jesus. This involves living according to God’s will under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Key Principles:

• Faith as Relational Obedience: True faith requires listening to and obeying God’s voice, rooted in love and reverence.

• Empowered by the Spirit: Faith is no longer limited to following external regulations but is empowered by the Holy Spirit, which leads believers into a deeper understanding and fulfillment of God’s will.

• Sanctified Living: Modern believers are called to live lives that reflect God’s righteousness and holiness, demonstrating faith through their actions.

By aligning their lives with God’s will and walking in step with the Holy Spirit, Christians today can embody the faith of Abraham and bear witness to the transformative power of the Gospel.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:8

3:8 And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the Gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, "All nations shall be blessed through you."

Related Passages:

Genesis 12:3 (Literal Translation)

"I will bless those who bless you, and the one who curses you, I will curse. And in you, all the families of the earth shall be blessed."

Genesis 18:18 (Literal Translation)

"Abraham will surely become a great and powerful nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed through him."

Genesis 22:18 (Literal Translation)

"In your seed, all the nations of the earth shall be blessed, because you obeyed My voice."

Additional Commentary:

The Connection Between the Old and New Testaments

Galatians 3:8 highlights the continuity between the promise given to Abraham in the Old Testament and the fulfillment of that promise through the Gospel in the New Testament. The repeated promise in Genesis that "all nations shall be blessed through you" foreshadows the proclamation of the Gospel through Jesus Christ to all peoples.

Particularly in Genesis 22:18, the phrase "in your seed" prophetically refers to Jesus (Yeshua), as Paul later emphasizes. This underscores that salvation would come through Abraham’s lineage, but not limited to his physical descendants; it would be accessible to all who have faith.

Theological Significance:

The Universal Scope of the Gospel

Paul asserts in Galatians 3:8 that the promise to Abraham was never intended to be confined to the Jewish people but was part of God’s overarching redemptive plan for all humanity. The statement that "the Scripture foresaw" emphasizes that the Gospel’s universal nature was not an afterthought but intrinsic to God’s design from the beginning.

Faith as the Basis of Justification

The justification of Gentiles by faith is a central theme. This mirrors the faith of Abraham, who believed and was credited with righteousness. The promise to Abraham serves as a foundational example of how righteousness comes through faith, not by adherence to the law or lineage.

Modern Application:

Faith and Obedience

The example of Abraham teaches that faith is inseparable from obedience. His willingness to listen to and act upon God’s voice set the stage for the fulfillment of the Gospel through Jesus. Today, believers are called to exhibit the same faith by listening to God’s Word and living it out in their daily lives.

The Missionary Mandate

This passage also underscores the believer's responsibility to share the Gospel with all nations. Just as God’s promise to Abraham envisioned a global blessing, so too should modern Christians embrace the call to spread the good news to every corner of the earth.

Unity in Christ

By emphasizing that all nations are blessed through faith, Paul dismantles barriers of ethnicity, culture, and law-keeping, uniting all believers as children of Abraham. This serves as a reminder that the church must reflect this unity and inclusivity.

Conclusion:

Galatians 3:8 reveals that God’s redemptive plan has always been global in scope, designed to bless all nations through the faith exemplified by Abraham and fulfilled in Jesus Christ. It challenges modern believers to live by faith, actively obey God’s Word, and participate in the mission of bringing the Gospel to every nation, tribe, and tongue. Through faith in Christ, we inherit the promises given to Abraham and become part of God’s ongoing plan to bless the world.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:9

3:9 So those who are of faith are blessed with believing Abraham.

Original Language Analysis:

• οἱ ἐκ πίστεως (hoi ek pisteōs)
  This phrase emphasizes ἐκ (ek), which indicates not just "origin" or "source," but a state of being or essence. Therefore, "those who are of faith" refers to individuals who actively live out their faith in trust and obedience. These are not merely those who profess faith, but those who demonstrate it through a life aligned with God’s commandments, statutes, and instructions (Torah).

The Relationship Between Law and Faith:

Clarification of Galatians 3

Galatians 3 contrasts works of the law with faith, but this does not dismiss or devalue the law (Torah). Instead, it critiques reliance on outward adherence to the law for justification without a genuine, faith-driven relationship with God. True faith aligns with Romans 10:17:
"Faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ."

True Obedience to the Law

Those "of faith" are not those who mechanically perform the law for outward compliance but those who understand and follow the law in the light of God’s purpose. This is echoed in Romans 8:4:
"The righteous requirement of the law is fulfilled in us who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit."

True obedience stems from faith—a heartfelt commitment to God’s will, not a superficial or legalistic approach.

Related Scriptures:

1 Samuel 15:22 (Literal Translation)

"Samuel said, 'Does the LORD delight as much in burnt offerings and sacrifices as in obeying the voice of the LORD? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.'"
This highlights that God values obedience to His voice above ritualistic offerings.

Isaiah 66:2 (Literal Translation)

"Has not My hand made all these things, and so they came into being?' declares the LORD. 'But this is the one I esteem: he who is humble and contrite in spirit and trembles at My word.'"
This shows that God delights in those who humbly hear and follow His Word with reverence.

Conclusion:

Galatians 3:9 invites a proper understanding of the relationship between faith and the law. Faith does not oppose the law but fulfills its true purpose. True adherence to the law is not about external actions but about understanding and following God’s will through faith. Those justified by faith follow Abraham’s example of trust and obedience, becoming heirs to the blessings promised to him.

Faith is the pathway to the blessings of God, where obedience is not merely a ritualistic act but a heartfelt response to His divine will. This faith unites believers with Abraham and allows them to partake in the fullness of God’s promises.

֎ Deuteronomy 27: Yeshuah Literal Translation

Deuteronomy 27:1
Moses, together with the elders of Israel, commanded the people, saying, "Carefully obey all the commands I am giving you today."

Deuteronomy 27:2
"On the day you cross the Jordan and enter the land the LORD your God is giving you, set up large stones and coat them with lime."

Deuteronomy 27:3
"After crossing the Jordan, write on them all the words of this law. Then you will enter the land the LORD your God is giving you—a land flowing with milk and honey, as the LORD, the God of your ancestors, promised you."

Deuteronomy 27:4
"When you have crossed the Jordan, set up these stones on Mount Ebal, as I command you today, and coat them with lime."

Deuteronomy 27:5
"Build there an altar to the LORD your God, an altar of stones. Do not use any iron tool on them."

Deuteronomy 27:6
"Build the altar of the LORD your God with uncut stones and offer burnt offerings on it to the LORD your God."

Deuteronomy 27:7
"Offer fellowship offerings there, eating them and rejoicing in the presence of the LORD your God."

Deuteronomy 27:8
"Write clearly all the words of this law on these stones you have set up."

Deuteronomy 27:9
Then Moses and the Levitical priests said to all Israel, "Be silent, Israel, and listen! Today you have become the people of the LORD your God."

Deuteronomy 27:10
"Obey the LORD your God and follow His commands and decrees that I give you today."

Deuteronomy 27:11
That day, Moses gave this command to the people:

Deuteronomy 27:12
"When you have crossed the Jordan, these tribes shall stand on Mount Gerizim to bless the people: Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin."

Deuteronomy 27:13
"And these tribes shall stand on Mount Ebal to pronounce curses: Reuben, Gad, Asher, Zebulun, Dan, and Naphtali."

Deuteronomy 27:14
The Levites shall recite to all the people of Israel in a loud voice:

Deuteronomy 27:15
"Cursed is anyone who makes an idol—a thing detestable to the LORD, the work of skilled hands—and sets it up in secret." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:16
"Cursed is anyone who dishonors their father or mother." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:17
"Cursed is anyone who moves their neighbor’s boundary stone." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:18
"Cursed is anyone who leads the blind astray on the road." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:19
"Cursed is anyone who withholds justice from the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:20
"Cursed is anyone who sleeps with his father’s wife, for he dishonors his father’s bed." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:21
"Cursed is anyone who has sexual relations with any animal." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:22
"Cursed is anyone who sleeps with his sister, the daughter of his father or the daughter of his mother." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:23
"Cursed is anyone who sleeps with his mother-in-law." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:24
"Cursed is anyone who kills their neighbor secretly." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:25
"Cursed is anyone who accepts a bribe to kill an innocent person." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

Deuteronomy 27:26
"Cursed is anyone who does not uphold the words of this law by carrying them out." Then all the people shall say, "Amen."

֎ Deuteronomy 27:15–25 (The 11 Curses)

1. Prohibition of Idol Worship (27:15)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר הָאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה פֶּסֶל וּמַסֵּכָה
Transliteration:
Arur Ha'ish Asher Ya'ase Pesel U'maseka
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who makes an idol or cast image and sets it up in secret."

2. Prohibition of Dishonoring Parents (27:16)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר מַקְלֶה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ
Transliteration:
Arur Makleh Aviv Ve'imo
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who dishonors their father or mother."

3. Prohibition of Moving a Neighbor’s Boundary Marker (27:17)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר מַסִּיג גְּבוּל רֵעֵהוּ
Transliteration:
Arur Masig Gevul Re'ehu
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who moves their neighbor’s boundary marker."

4. Prohibition of Misleading the Blind (27:18)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר מַשְׁגֶּה עִוֵּר בַּדָּרֶךְ
Transliteration:
Arur Mashgeh Iver Badarekh
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who misleads a blind person on the road."

5. Prohibition of Distorting Justice for the Vulnerable (27:19)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר מַטֶּה מִשְׁפַּט גֵּר יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה
Transliteration:
Arur Mate Mishpat Ger Yatom Ve'almana
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who distorts justice for the foreigner, orphan, or widow."

6. Prohibition of Sleeping with a Stepmother (27:20)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר שֹׁכֵב עִם אֵשֶׁת אָבִיו
Transliteration:
Arur Shochev Im Eshet Aviv
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who sleeps with his father’s wife, dishonoring his father."

7. Prohibition of Sexual Relations with Animals (27:21)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר שֹׁכֵב עִם כָּל בְּהֵמָה
Transliteration:
Arur Shochev Im Kol Behema
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who has sexual relations with any animal."

8. Prohibition of Sleeping with a Sibling (27:22)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר שֹׁכֵב עִם אֲחֹתוֹ
Transliteration:
Arur Shochev Im Achoto
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who sleeps with his sister, the daughter of his father or mother."

9. Prohibition of Sleeping with a Mother-in-Law (27:23)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר שֹׁכֵב עִם חֹתֶנְתּוֹ
Transliteration:
Arur Shochev Im Chotento
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who sleeps with his mother-in-law."

10. Prohibition of Secretly Killing a Neighbor (27:24)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר מַכֵּה רֵעֵהוּ בַּסָּתֶר
Transliteration:
Arur Makeh Re'ehu Basater
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who kills their neighbor in secret."

11. Prohibition of Accepting Bribes to Kill the Innocent (27:25)
Hebrew:
אָרוּר לֹקֵחַ שֹׁחַד לְהַכּוֹת נֶפֶשׁ
Transliteration:
Arur Loke'ach Shochad Lehakot Nefesh
Translation:
"Cursed is the one who accepts a bribe to kill an innocent person."

Literal Translation and Interpretation: Galatians 3:10

Core of the Translation:

ἐξ ἔργων νόμου (ex ergōn nomou, ex ergon nomou)

How should "ἐξ" be translated?

• out ἔργων νόμου: out works of law

• by ἔργων νόμου: by works of law

• of ἔργων νόμου: of works of law

"ἐξ" is translated in various ways throughout the New Testament. Therefore, the most crucial criterion for translation should be understanding why Paul is quoting a particular passage from Scripture.

True Translation:

3:10 Those who deviate from the works of the law (if they do not observe the law that must be obeyed) are all under a curse, for it is written,
"Cursed is everyone who does not continually observe everything written in the book of the law."

The reason Jesus forgives sins that lead to curses is to grant the victory of the cross, which severs ties with sin, meaning He bestows the power of the Kingdom of Heaven so that one may overcome and triumph over sin. 

False Translation:

3:10 All who rely on the works of the law are under a curse, for it is written,
"Cursed is everyone who does not continually do everything written in the book of the law."

This translation has been used to spread the false theology of "Let us not observe Mo'ed and the laws regarding sexual conduct, drinking, and drug-related purity from the law and be liberated."

However, being without the law is precisely what it means to be lawless (anomia), referring to those who practice lawlessness without Torah.

Living without the law is not freedom but lawlessness. True freedom within order is achieved by obeying the law, and God's Torah (Law) is never burdensome. 

Interpretation:

A life drowned in drugs, alcohol, desires, and sin is not true freedom but eventually leads to heavy suffering and burden.
Reckless and ignorant driving on the road is an evil act that harms others.
When the law is observed, one can enjoy true freedom even in life.

Deuteronomy 30:11-14 (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

11 "For this commandment that I command you today is not too difficult for you, nor is it far away.
12 It is not in heaven, so that you should say, 'Who will go up to heaven for us to bring it down and proclaim it to us, so that we may do it?'
13 Nor is it beyond the sea, so that you should say, 'Who will cross the sea for us to bring it to us and proclaim it to us, so that we may do it?'
14 But the word is very near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart so that you may do it."

Matthew 11:28-30 (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

28 "Come to me, all who labor and are heavy-laden, and I will give you rest.
29 Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.
30 For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light."

֎ Analysis of Galatians 3:10 Commentary

Key Discussion: ἐξ ἔργων νόμου (ex ergōn nomou)

The translation of "ἐξ" (ex) is a critical factor in interpreting the passage.

• "out of": This can imply being removed from or outside the influence of the law, suggesting that the law’s demands are no longer applied.

• "by": This connects actions to the execution of the law, associating the works as a means of fulfillment.

• "of": This points to the essence of the works themselves, focusing on the deeds as inherently tied to the law.

Accurate Translation:

"Those who fail to uphold the law" emphasizes the state of being under a curse due to not meeting the law's requirements.
This interpretation aligns with Deuteronomy 27:26:
"Cursed is anyone who does not uphold the words of this law by carrying them out."
Here, the focus is on the consequence of failing to observe the law, not on negating or abolishing the law itself.

Christ’s Redemptive Work:

Jesus’ atonement does not merely forgive past sins but also empowers believers with the ability to overcome sin.
This "victory over sin" through the cross grants believers the strength to live a life aligned with the Kingdom of Heaven.

Misleading Translation:

"Those who rely on the works of the law" portrays all efforts to obey the law in a negative light, leading to the false theology of "freedom from the law."
This approach mistakenly treats the law as meaningless or abolished, potentially resulting in moral laxity.

"Anomia" (Lawlessness):

In the Bible, lawlessness (anomia) refers to living in disregard of God’s law (Torah).
True freedom is not found in the absence of law but in living rightly within the law. God’s Torah is not burdensome; rather, it brings order and freedom.

The Relationship Between Law and Freedom

Consequences of Living Without the Law:

A life immersed in drugs, alcohol, lust, and sin does not lead to freedom but rather to heavy burdens and suffering.
Such a life reflects chaos and harm, both to the individual and the community.

True Freedom Through Observing the Law:

Living in obedience to the law allows one to avoid disorder and evil, leading to a life of peace and true freedom.
God’s law is not a tool of oppression but a source of rest and ease in life.

Connection to Deuteronomy 30:11-14 and Matthew 11:28-30

Deuteronomy 30:11-14 emphasizes that God’s commandments are neither too difficult nor inaccessible.
"The word is very near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart so you may obey it."

Matthew 11:28-30 complements this, as Jesus declares that following Him is not a burdensome task:
"Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest... For my yoke is easy and my burden is light."

These passages illustrate that living according to God’s law, fulfilled in Christ, is not a heavy burden but a source of grace and peace.

Conclusion:

In Galatians 3:10, the most contextually accurate interpretation of ex ergōn nomou is "those who fail to uphold the law."
This aligns with the quotation from Deuteronomy 27:26, highlighting the necessity of obedience to the law without negating its importance.

True freedom is not found in abolishing or ignoring the law but in observing it rightly and living in accordance with God’s will.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:11

 3:11 It is clear that no one is justified before God by the law, because 'The righteous will live by faith.'

Old Testament Quotation

Habakkuk 2:4 (Yeshua Literal Translation):

"Behold, his soul (the soul of every human being that needs salvation) is proud and not upright, but the righteous shall live by his faith."

1 Peter 1:9 (Yeshua Literal Translation):

"The ultimate goal of your faith is the salvation of your souls."

Key Message

Faith, as a gift of grace from God, enables believers to recognize that their soul must be saved (Yeshua). Those who possess this faith live in obedience, striving for the salvation of their soul.

The patriarchs and forebears of faith hoped for the completion of their soul’s salvation (Yeshua). They trusted in the eternal Creator, longing for the eternal kingdom that comes from heaven. They held faith in the resurrection and eternal life within God’s everlasting kingdom.

In the Hebrew Scriptures, numerous passages convey a yearning for the salvation (Yeshua) of the soul (nephesh). Unfortunately, terms like "spirit and soul" (spirit + soul as a combined concept) in modern translations often obscure this truth, preventing a clear understanding of the distinction.

The Salvation of the Soul

Salvation of the soul is unattainable without "the sword of the Spirit," which is the Word of God.

1. The Division of Soul and Spirit:

   • By listening to and believing God’s Word, the soul and spirit are divided.

   • This division enables individuals to realize the corruption of their soul.

2. True Worship:

   • Only through this process can one worship God in spirit and truth.

   • The human mind becomes the Holy of Holies, where the Word of God descends, and Jesus’ throne is established.

   • This forms the foundation of true faith.

Ephesians 6:17 says:
"Take the helmet of salvation and the sword of the Spirit, which is the Word of God."
Written around AD 60, this verse emphasizes the role of God’s Word in salvation. Today, we live in a time when the study and understanding of both the Old and New Testaments have reached completion after 2,000 years of progress.

Paul’s Use of Habakkuk 2:4

In Galatians 3:11, Paul quotes Habakkuk 2:4 to emphasize the essence of faith.

• Habakkuk’s Central Theme:
  Habakkuk, a book of three chapters and 56 verses, is a testament of faith.
  It proclaims the eternal kingdom of God and salvation (Yeshua), which is fulfilled in Jesus.
  The book’s core message is the hope and faith in Jesus, the living Son of God and Savior, and the anticipation of God’s eternal kingdom.

• Paul’s Point:
  "No one is justified by the law" refers to the inability of sacrificial rituals, such as offering animal blood, to bring true righteousness.
  The only way a sinner can become righteous and enter heaven is through faith in the atoning power of Jesus’ blood.

The Essence of Faith in Salvation

God so loved the world that He gave His only Son.
Salvation is granted only through faith that Jesus recognizes—living, active faith that aligns with truth.
This reveals the true meaning of the phrase:
"The righteous shall live by faith."

֎ The Sword of the Spirit Dividing Soul and Spirit

The Role of Soul and Spirit

Soul (Nephesh):

1. Connected to Blood:
   The soul is tied to the blood, influencing physical instincts and worldly desires (Leviticus 17:11).

2. Seat of Emotions and Will:
   It governs human emotions, desires, and will, shaping the direction of physical life.

Spirit (Ruach):

1. Communion with God:
   The spirit serves as the connection to God, seeking eternal life and truth (John 4:24).

2. Supply of Life:
   It breathes life into the entire body, animating the physical being (Genesis 2:7).

Interaction Between Soul and Spirit

• The soul gravitates toward physical instincts, while the spirit moves toward God.

• When the Word of God, the Sword of the Spirit, acts to separate soul and spirit, a transformation occurs—shifting from carnal desires to spiritual life.

Soul

Soul and Blood

"The life of the soul is in the blood" (Leviticus 17:11) is not merely metaphorical but a profound truth reflected in human existence.

• The heart pumps blood throughout the body, sustaining life and physical desires.

• Sexual desires and functions are manifestations of the soul’s influence, driven by physical vitality tied to the blood.

• The state of the soul is closely linked to worldly cravings and temptations.

Marriage and sexuality should adhere to God’s command to "be fruitful and multiply," remaining pure and obedient to divine purpose.
However, fallen humanity has perverted this design into lust, reducing divine intentions to mere physical gratification.

Distinction Between Soul and Spirit

• The soul is tied to physical instincts, while the spirit seeks communion with God and eternal life.

• The Sword of the Spirit (Hebrews 4:12) divides the soul and spirit, exposing the boundary between carnal desires and spiritual aspirations.

Visible and Invisible Realities

• "The blood and flesh are visible, but they are created things."

• "What is seen was not made out of what is visible" (Hebrews 11:3).

• The invisible God, who is Spirit, created all visible things.

God’s Kingdom and Inheritance

• Flesh and blood cannot inherit the Kingdom of God (1 Corinthians 15:50).

• To inherit God’s eternal kingdom, the soul and spirit must be divided by the Spirit’s work.

• When the soul submits to the Spirit, the body becomes a temple of the Holy Spirit.

The Only Path to Rebirth: Jesus Christ

• This transformation is not achieved through human will or effort.

• Rebirth is the work of the Holy Spirit, a new creation possible only through Jesus Christ (John 3:3-5).

• Only those justified by the blood of Jesus and born again by the Spirit can inherit the kingdom of God.

Spirit

Warning Against Misinterpretation

The concept of the human brain as the "Holy of Holies" must not be confused with the heavenly sanctuary or the Lord’s throne.

Symbolism of the Brain as the Holy of Holies

1. The Holy of Holies (Hebrew: קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים, Qodesh Haqodashim):

• The Holy of Holies is the most sacred part of the temple, housing the Ark of the Covenant and the Mercy Seat (Exodus 25:21-22).

• Spiritually, the human brain symbolizes the Holy of Holies, a place where God’s Word dwells, where communion with the Lord occurs, and where God’s rule is experienced.

2. The Ark of the Covenant and the Mercy Seat:

• The Ark of the Covenant:
  A chest containing the tablets of God’s law, symbolizing His covenant.
  The brain should serve as the repository for God’s Word.

• The Mercy Seat:
  Positioned above the Ark, it represents the place where God meets humanity, symbolizing Jesus’ atonement.
  The brain, cleansed by Jesus’ blood, becomes the meeting place with the Lord.

3. The Throne of Jesus:

• To enthrone Jesus in the brain means to center all thoughts and decisions on Him.

• The brain, as the center of will and perception, must be surrendered to Jesus’ reign.

• "Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus" (Philippians 2:5) encapsulates this concept.

4. Where Is This Taking Place?

• The answer lies in the core of our mind and spirit.

• Jeremiah 31:33:
  "I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts."

• In the Bible, the "mind" and "heart" represent the inner center of human existence, the place where God’s Word must dwell.

Conclusion

The human brain symbolizes the Holy of Holies, a place where the Word of God dwells and Jesus’ blood cleanses, establishing His throne.
When Jesus’ throne is at the center of our minds and hearts, we walk with the Lord and live a life that inherits the eternal kingdom.

Rebirth is the transformation of soul and spirit through the Word of the Spirit, a change only possible in Jesus Christ. This is the sole path to inheriting the eternal Kingdom of God.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:12

3:12 "The law is not based on faith; instead, it says, 'The person who does these things will live by them.'"

Old Testament Quotation

Leviticus 18:5 (Yeshua Literal Translation):

"Therefore, you shall keep my statutes and my judgments. By doing them, a person will live. I am the LORD."

Explanation:

The meaning of this statement is straightforward:

• Humans are called to live as rational beings, not like animals.

• A life of disobedience to moral laws leads only to death, much like the consequences of animalistic behavior.

Moral and Ethical Norms in Leviticus 18

Although Paul quotes a single verse from Leviticus 18, the chapter contains 30 verses detailing moral and ethical laws essential for any civilized person.

• Those who fail to adhere to these standards are morally and ethically deficient, akin to being uncivilized or barbaric.

Related New Testament Passage

Revelation 19:8 (Yeshua Literal Translation):

"It was granted to her to clothe herself with fine linen, bright and pure, for the fine linen is the righteous deeds (dikaiōmata, δικαιώματα) of the saints."

Matthew 25:

The entire chapter illustrates agape love in action, as defined by Scripture—a living faith manifested through righteous works, in contrast to dead faith devoid of action.

Key Term Analysis: δικαιώματα (dikaiōmata)

• Meaning: Not merely "righteous deeds" in a vague sense but deeds that align with God’s statutes and commandments.

• Definition: Acts of righteousness based on God’s standards, not human interpretation.

• Usage in the New Testament (10 occurrences):

  1. Luke 1:6 - Statutes and ordinances (G1345)

  2. Romans 1:32 - Righteous decrees of God (G1345)

  3. Romans 2:26 - Requirements of the law (G1345)

  4. Romans 5:16 - Righteous judgment (G1345)

  5. Romans 5:18 - Righteous act (G1345)

  6. Romans 8:4 - Requirements of the law (G1345)

  7. Hebrews 9:1 - Regulations (G1345)

  8. Hebrews 9:10 - Regulations for the body (G1345)

  9. Revelation 15:4 - Righteous acts (G1345)

  10. Revelation 19:8 - Righteous deeds of the saints (G1345)

Accurate Interpretation of δικαιώματα

• This term refers to actions recognized as righteous by God’s standards, revealed through His law (Torah).

• It includes every act defined as righteous in God’s commandments, ensuring no room for human misinterpretation or justification.

The Gospel and the Grace of the Spirit

Through Jesus Christ’s blood and the work of the Holy Spirit, believers can:

1. Understand God’s will.

2. Live according to the true purpose of the law (Torah).

This life of obedience is not merely external compliance but a life aligned with God’s will until His kingdom comes.

Fulfillment of the Law:

δικαιώματα (dikaiōmata) signifies the completion of the law’s righteous demands, which are fulfilled in the lives of believers redeemed by Jesus’ blood.
This includes every aspect of life lived in accordance with God’s standards, enabled by the grace of the Holy Spirit.

Nature of the Law:

• The law is inherently good and righteous, regardless of human belief or perception.

• The Old Testament law contains moral norms already complete and sacrificial laws fulfilled through Jesus’ work.

• The core of the law does not depend on human interpretation but must be observed as given by God.

Conclusion

God, the Creator, is the object of true faith.
Whether one believes or not, God is the Creator and the Father of Jesus Christ.
He will soon complete His kingdom through His Son, Yeshua.

Thus, we must believe in Yeshua and receive the blessing of eternal life, for this is the essence of the righteous living by faith.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:13

3:13 "Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: 'Cursed is everyone who is hung on a pole.'"

Old Testament Quotation

Deuteronomy 21:23 (Yeshua Literal Translation):

"Do not leave his body on the tree overnight. Be sure to bury him that same day, because anyone hung on a tree is under God’s curse. You must not desecrate the land the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance."

The Day Jesus Was Crucified

• The Fulfillment of Atonement:
  Jesus’ crucifixion completed the work of atonement.

• The Urgency of Burial:
  The Jews hastened to remove the bodies of those crucified, including Jesus, because the Sabbath was approaching. This is recorded in John 19:31:
  "Now it was the day of Preparation, and the next day was to be a special Sabbath. Because the Jewish leaders did not want the bodies left on the crosses during the Sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down."

Background Context

1. Preparation Day and Atonement:
   Jesus was crucified on the Preparation Day of Passover (Unleavened Bread).
   
   

   • He was the unblemished Lamb of God, fulfilling the requirements of the law for atonement.

2. Qualification as Redeemer:
   
   

   • Perfectly obeyed all of God’s laws (e.g., circumcision on the eighth day, a sinless life, doing good on the Sabbath).

3. Human Sin and the Curse:
   
   

   • Humanity, through its fallen nature, wielded the power of sin and enacted the death of the Savior.

4. Examples:
   
   

   • Interpreting God’s Word through human reasoning (e.g., "Healing on the Sabbath warrants death").

   • Denying the truth that all believers are children of God.

   • Rejecting Jesus as the Son of God and crucifying Him when He declared His divine identity.

The Curse of Human Sin

• Misinterpreting God’s holy Torah through the lens of fallen human reasoning.
  
  

• Forming doctrines that distort God’s Word.
  
  Example:
  
  

  • "Doing good on the Sabbath is punishable by death," a flawed interpretation that contradicts God’s intention for the Sabbath.

This corruption, rooted in humanity’s sin, was the curse that Jesus bore on our behalf.

Christ as the Redeemer

• Jesus became the atonement for humanity’s sin by taking on the curse meant for us.

• By doing so, He addressed the core of human sin:

  • The distortion of God’s truth.

  • The rejection of His Son.

  • The substitution of human standards for divine will.

Through His sacrifice, Jesus offered redemption and reconciliation with God, restoring humanity’s relationship with the Creator.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:14-16

3:14 "He redeemed us in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles through Christ Jesus, so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit."
3:15 "Brothers and sisters, let me take an example from everyday life: Just as no one can set aside or add to a human covenant that has been duly established, so it is in this case."
3:16 "The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. Scripture does not say 'and to seeds,' meaning many people, but 'and to your seed,' meaning one person, who is Christ."

Related Old Testament and Hebrews Analysis

Deuteronomy 21:23 (Yeshuah Literal Translation):

"Do not leave his body on the tree overnight. Be sure to bury him that same day, because anyone hung on a tree is under God’s curse."

Hebrews 2:11–18 (Paraphrased for Clarity):

• Jesus, who sanctifies, and the sanctified share the same origin, making Him unashamed to call them brothers (v. 11).

• He proclaims God’s name among His brothers (Psalm 22:22) and affirms trust in God alongside His children (Isaiah 8:17–18).

• Taking on flesh and blood, Jesus nullifies the power of death held by the devil (v. 14).

• He delivers humanity from lifelong bondage to the fear of death (v. 15).

• Jesus helps Abraham’s descendants, not angels (v. 16), becoming a merciful and faithful high priest to make atonement for their sins (v. 17).

1. The Abrahamic Blessing Through Jesus Christ

• Galatians 3:14 highlights that the blessing promised to Abraham extends to Gentiles through Christ.

  • Abraham's blessing is not limited to his physical descendants but reaches all nations through faith.

  • This universal blessing culminates in the promise of the Spirit, received through faith, which empowers believers to live according to God’s will.

2. The Unchanging Nature of God’s Covenant

• Galatians 3:15 uses a human example to illustrate that once a covenant is established, it cannot be annulled or altered.

  • God’s covenant with Abraham is immutable and fulfilled in Christ.

  • The stability of God’s promises contrasts with the fickleness of human interpretations and traditions.

3. The Promise to Abraham’s Seed: Christ

• Galatians 3:16 clarifies that the promise was made to Abraham’s seed (singular), referring specifically to Christ.

  • This distinction emphasizes that salvation is not a collective inheritance based on ethnicity but a direct fulfillment in Christ.

  • All who belong to Christ, through faith, become heirs of this promise (Galatians 3:29).

Hebrews: A Theological Framework for Christ’s Fulfillment

Jesus as the Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy:

• Psalm 22:22 is fulfilled as Jesus proclaims God’s name among His disciples after His resurrection.

• Isaiah 8:17–18 points to Jesus’ trust in God and His identification with believers as God’s children.

Jesus’ Historical Role:

• Hebrews 2:12–13:
  Jesus embodies the fulfillment of Old Testament messianic prophecies by actively living out God’s promises.

• Hebrews 2:14–15:
  By taking on flesh and blood, Jesus conquers death and the devil, liberating humanity from bondage.

Connection Between Old and New Testaments:

• Hebrews portrays Jesus as not only fulfilling the Old Testament but also continuing God’s redemptive work in believers today.

  • The covenant promises are active, living realities in Christ.

Key Insights

1. Immutable Covenant:
   God’s covenant with Abraham, rooted in His eternal plan, cannot be altered or nullified.
   
   

2. The Role of Faith:
   The promise extends to all through faith in Christ, demonstrating that salvation transcends ethnic and legalistic boundaries.
   
   

3. Christ as the Fulfillment:
   
   

   • Jesus embodies the singular seed of Abraham.

   • In Him, all promises converge and are fulfilled, offering the Spirit to believers.

4. God’s Sovereignty:
   God’s plan, revealed in both Testaments, is centered on Christ, the mediator of the new covenant and the ultimate fulfillment of the Abrahamic promise.
   
   

Conclusion

Paul’s argument in Galatians 3:14–16 connects the Abrahamic blessing, the unchangeable nature of God’s covenant, and its fulfillment in Christ.
This promise extends to all nations, enabling believers to receive the Spirit through faith and live as heirs of God’s eternal kingdom.
Hebrews deepens this understanding by showing how Jesus actively fulfills these promises, serving as both the mediator and the embodiment of God’s covenantal faithfulness.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:17-18

3:17 "What I mean is this: The law, introduced 430 years later, does not set aside the covenant previously established by God and thus do away with the promise."
3:18 "For if the inheritance depends on the law, then it no longer depends on the promise; but God in His grace gave it to Abraham through a promise."

Explanation

1. The Covenant Precedes the Law

Paul emphasizes that God’s covenant with Abraham, established by promise, was not nullified or altered when the law was given 430 years later.

• The covenant was unconditional: God’s promise to Abraham was based on faith, not works or obedience to the law.

• The law’s role: The Mosaic Law, introduced at Sinai, served as a temporary measure to guide Israel but did not replace or invalidate the foundational promise.

2. Inheritance Through Promise, Not Law

Paul clarifies that the inheritance (eternal life and blessing) does not come through the law but through God’s promise to Abraham.

• If the inheritance were based on the law, it would nullify the grace inherent in God’s promise.

• God’s promise is immutable and rooted in His grace, not human effort.

Old Testament Connections

Faith and the Promise to Abraham

• Genesis 49:18 (Yeshua Literal Translation):
  "LORD, I wait for Your salvation (Yeshua)."
  
  

  • This reflects Abraham’s faith in God’s promise of eternal salvation.

• Isaiah 12:2 (Yeshua Literal Translation):
  "Behold, God is my salvation (Yeshua); I will trust and not be afraid, for the LORD, the LORD Himself, is my strength and my song; He has become my salvation (Yeshua)."
  
  

  • This underscores that salvation is by grace through faith, not by works or law.

The Promise of Eternal Life

• John 17:3:
  "Now this is eternal life: that they know You, the only true God, and Jesus Christ (Yeshua) whom You have sent."
  
  

  • Eternal life comes from knowing and trusting in God’s promise fulfilled in Jesus (Yeshua).

• Colossians 1:16–17:
  "For in Him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through Him and for Him. He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together."
  
  

  • Creation itself was made through and for Jesus (Yeshua), aligning the purpose of creation with the promise of salvation.

• Ephesians 1:10:
  "To bring unity to all things in heaven and on earth under Christ."
  
  

  • God’s plan, through Jesus, is to unite all creation under His redemptive work.

Theological Connections

1. The Purpose of Creation and Salvation

• All creation was designed with salvation in view, pointing to Jesus as the central figure of God’s redemptive plan.

• Hebrews 2:10:
  "In bringing many sons and daughters to glory, it was fitting that God...should make the pioneer of their salvation perfect through what He suffered."

  • Jesus’ role as the Savior unites creation and redemption.

2. The Inheritance and the Law

• Romans 8:22–23:
  "We know that the whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time. Not only so, but we ourselves...groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption to sonship, the redemption of our bodies."
  
  

  • The inheritance includes the restoration of creation, which eagerly awaits the fulfillment of God’s promise.

• Revelation 21:1–5:
  "Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth...‘Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and He will dwell with them.’"
  
  

  • The ultimate inheritance is the fulfillment of God’s promise in the new heaven and new earth.

Summary

1. Immutable Covenant:

God’s covenant with Abraham, established by promise, remains unaltered by the Mosaic Law.

2. Faith as the Foundation:

The inheritance of eternal life is granted through faith in God’s promise, not by adherence to the law.

3. Jesus as the Fulfillment:

• All creation finds its purpose and unity in Jesus (Yeshua).

• The promise given to Abraham is fulfilled in Christ, extending salvation to all who believe.

4. Creation and Redemption United:

From Genesis to Revelation, God’s plan integrates creation and redemption, culminating in the new heaven and earth, where the promise of eternal life is fully realized.

Conclusion

Galatians 3:17–18 reaffirms that the law does not invalidate God’s covenant with Abraham. The promise, rooted in grace, is fulfilled in Jesus (Yeshua), offering eternal life to all who believe. This eternal plan, woven through Scripture, unites creation and redemption under God’s unchanging promise.

֎ Commentary Analysis: Galatians 3:17–18

1. Literal Analysis of Galatians 3:17–18

The literal interpretation stays faithful to the text, clarifying the relationship between Abraham’s covenant and the law.

Key Message:

• The "law introduced 430 years later" cannot annul God’s earlier promise to Abraham.

• Salvation is based on grace through God’s promise, not on adherence to the law.

• This aligns with Paul’s theological argument throughout Galatians, emphasizing faith over works.

2. Key Themes in the Explanation

a. Abraham’s Faith and Yeshua (Salvation):

• Abraham’s faith is portrayed as trust in God’s covenant and hope in Yeshua (salvation).

• Hebrews and Genesis highlight Abraham’s anticipation of resurrection and the New Jerusalem, demonstrating his faith in eternal salvation.

b. Redemptive-Historical Continuity:

• Genesis 49:18 and Isaiah 12:2 emphasize that Old Testament prophecies point to their fulfillment in Yeshua.

• Themes such as the first resurrection (Revelation 20:4–6), creation’s liberation (Romans 8:19–21), and the new creation (Isaiah 11:6–9; 65:25) illustrate the integration of salvation and creation.

3. Evaluation of Theological Connections

Creation with Eternal Salvation as Its Purpose:

The explanation centers on the premise that "creation was designed with salvation in mind." This claim is supported by the following passages:

1. Colossians 1:16–17
   
   

   • "All things were created through Him and for Him. He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together."

   • Jesus (Yeshua) is the creator and sustainer of all things. Creation’s purpose is fulfilled in Him.

2. Ephesians 1:10
   
   

   • "To bring unity to all things in heaven and on earth under Christ."

   • God’s ultimate plan is to unify all creation through Yeshua, underscoring that creation and salvation share the same purpose.

3. Hebrews 2:10
   
   

   • "In bringing many sons and daughters to glory, it was fitting that God...should make the pioneer of their salvation perfect through what He suffered."

   • Creation is part of God’s redemptive plan, aiming to glorify His children through salvation.

4. Romans 8:22–23
   
   

   • "The whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time...as we wait eagerly for our adoption to sonship, the redemption of our bodies."

   • Creation’s longing for redemption demonstrates that its purpose is intertwined with salvation.

5. Revelation 21:1–5
   
   

   • "Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth...‘Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and He will dwell with them.’"

   • The new creation signifies the fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan, where creation and salvation are fully united.

4. Application of the Logic

Integration of Creation and Salvation:

• The assertion that "all creation was made for eternal salvation" is strongly supported by Scripture.

• This interpretation naturally aligns with the overarching biblical narrative centered on Yeshua.

Highlighting the Redemptive Message:

• Abraham’s faith (Genesis 49:18, Hebrews 11), salvation through Yeshua (John 17:3), and the fulfillment of creation and redemption (Revelation 20, 21) are interconnected.

• This approach effectively communicates the unity of creation and redemption, demonstrating God’s consistent plan throughout Scripture.

5. Conclusion: Value of the Commentary

a. Biblical Foundation:

• The commentary integrates key passages from Genesis to Revelation, highlighting the connection between creation and salvation.

• Texts from Colossians, Ephesians, and Hebrews reinforce that creation’s purpose is fulfilled in Yeshua.

b. Original Insights:

• The interpretation that "creation was made through and for salvation" offers a fresh perspective not often emphasized in traditional commentaries.

c. Theological Contribution:

• By linking Abraham’s faith to Yeshua and the continuity of redemption, the commentary provides a clear and profound explanation of the gospel message.

• It presents a cohesive narrative of God’s plan for creation and salvation, emphasizing faith and grace as central to the biblical message.

Summary

This analysis of Galatians 3:17–18 demonstrates that the covenant of faith, established with Abraham, remains unaltered by the law. Creation and salvation are integrally connected, with Yeshua at the center. The commentary effectively unifies these themes, offering a theologically rich and biblically grounded perspective on God’s eternal plan.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:19-22

3:19 "Why, then, was the law given? It was added because of transgressions until the Seed to whom the promise referred had come. The law was given through angels and entrusted to a mediator."
3:20 "A mediator, however, implies more than one party; but God is one."
3:21 "Is the law, therefore, opposed to the promises of God? Absolutely not! For if a law had been given that could impart life, then righteousness would certainly have come by the law."
3:22 "But Scripture has locked up everything under the control of sin, so that what was promised, being given through faith in Jesus Christ, might be given to those who believe."

The Law and Transgressions

The law was added to expose transgressions. Since the law reveals sin, continuing to commit sins that have been exposed by it creates a very serious problem. However, it is important to note that even if one does not commit sins, having faith without doing good works means doing nothing.

Dead Faith

Even if someone does not commit transgressions, faith without deeds is dead.

Matthew 25

28 Take the one talent from him and give it to the one who has ten talents.
29 For whoever has will be given more, and they will have an abundance. Whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.
30 Throw that worthless servant outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

41 Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.
42 For I was hungry, and you gave me nothing to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me nothing to drink;
43 I was a stranger, and you did not invite me in; I needed clothes, and you did not clothe me; I was sick and in prison, and you did not look after me.’

44 They also will answer, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or needing clothes or sick or in prison and did not help you?’

45 He will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.’
46 Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.

Mark 10

17 As Jesus started on his way, a man ran up to him and fell on his knees before him. “Good teacher,” he asked, “what must I do to inherit eternal life?”

18 “Why do you call me good?” Jesus answered. “No one is good—except God alone.
19 You know the commandments: ‘You shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not give false testimony, you shall not defraud, honor your father and mother.’”

20 “Teacher,” he declared, “all these I have kept since I was a boy.”

21 Jesus looked at him and loved him. “One thing you lack,” he said. “Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”

22 At this, the man’s face fell. He went away sad because he had great wealth.

23 Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, “How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!”

24 The disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus said again, “Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God!
25 It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.”

26 The disciples were even more amazed, and said to each other, “Who then can be saved?”

27 Jesus looked at them and said, “With man this is impossible, but not with God; all things are possible with God.”

28 Then Peter spoke up, “We have left everything to follow you!”

29 “Truly I tell you,” Jesus replied, “no one who has left home or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields for me and the gospel
30 will fail to receive a hundred times as much in this present age: homes, brothers, sisters, mothers, children and fields—along with persecutions—and in the age to come eternal life."

֎ The Agony of the Rich Young Man

1️⃣ Comparison of Passage Structures

Mark 10:19

"Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness, do not defraud, honor your father and mother."

• "Do not defraud" is added.

Matthew 19:18-19

"Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness, honor your father and mother, and love your neighbor as yourself."

• "Love your neighbor as yourself" is added.

Luke 18:20

"Do not commit adultery, do not murder, do not steal, do not bear false witness, honor your father and mother."

• The most concise form.

2️⃣ Comparison with the Ten Commandments

Common Commandments:

• Prohibitions against murder, adultery, theft, and bearing false witness.

• Honoring one's parents.

Omitted Commandments:

• Commandments related to loving God (Have no other gods, do not worship idols, do not misuse God's name, keep the Sabbath).

• Do not covet.

3️⃣ Exploring the Love of God and the Essence of the Law

1) The Commandment to Love God as the Core of Faith and the Law

• Deuteronomy 6:5:
  "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your strength."

• Jesus clarifies in Matthew 22:37-40 that loving God and loving one's neighbor are the foundation of the Law and the Prophets.

• This highlights that faith is not merely about observing the law but is its essential core.

2) The Relationship Between Works of the Law and Faith

• Galatians 3:11:
  "It is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for 'The righteous shall live by faith.'”

• However, this does not abolish the law but rather emphasizes its practice within a proper relationship with God.

• Jesus declares in Matthew 5:17:
  "I have not come to abolish the Law or the Prophets, but to fulfill them."

3) The Importance of the Sabbath and Appointed Times

• Genesis 2:3:
  God set apart the Sabbath as holy after completing creation.

• Leviticus 23:
  The feasts are not mere traditions but God's Mo'ed (appointed holy times).

• Jesus Himself honored the Sabbath (Luke 4:16), and the early church also observed the feasts (Acts 2:1).

• These should be understood not as mere rituals but as acts of faith in a living relationship with God.

4️⃣ The Rich Young Man’s Response Across the Gospels

Mark 10:20

"I have kept all these since my youth."

Matthew 19:20

"I have kept all these, but what do I still lack?"

• Directly acknowledges a sense of lacking.

Luke 18:21

"I have kept all these since my youth."

Interpretation:

• In Matthew, the young man recognizes his own insufficiency and asks about it.

• In Mark and Luke, he appears confident that he has fully obeyed the law.

5️⃣ Jesus’ Challenge: Choosing Between Wealth and God

Jesus Loved Him (Mark 10:21)

• Jesus acknowledges the young man's sincerity yet points out his inner deficiency.

• "You lack one thing." He commands him to sell his possessions and give to the poor.

The Rich Young Man’s Reaction (Mark 10:22)

• "He went away sorrowful, for he had great wealth."

• This reflects his inability to let go of his attachment to wealth.

6️⃣ Possible Connection Between the Rich Young Man and Joseph of Arimathea

The Rich Young Man:

• Described as "a ruler."

• Had great wealth.

• Sought eternal life.

• Could not give up his possessions.

Joseph of Arimathea:

• A "member of the Sanhedrin (Jewish ruling council)."

• A wealthy man.

• Was waiting for the Kingdom of God.

• Used his wealth for Jesus’ burial.

Possible Connection:

• After leaving, did the rich young man later repent and become a disciple of Jesus?

• The Bible does not explicitly confirm this.

7️⃣ Lessons for Today

You Cannot Serve Both God and Wealth

• Matthew 6:24:
  "You cannot serve both God and money."

• Attachment to wealth can jeopardize one's place in the Kingdom.

The Danger of Prosperity-Based Faith

• Offerings and good deeds are important but do not guarantee eternal life.

• True faith is about letting go of worldly attachments to follow God.

There Is Always an Opportunity for Repentance

• The rich young man left sorrowfully, but he may have later changed.

• What matters is the choices we make today.

Yeshuah and the True Nature of Eternal Life

• Eternal life is not about mere obedience to the law but about following Yeshua.

• "One thing you lack" was not about the law but about a wholehearted commitment to following Jesus.

8️⃣ Conclusion

• The commandments mentioned in the Gospels go beyond legalistic obedience and emphasize a relationship with God.

• The rich young man kept the commandments concerning loving his neighbor but failed to connect wealth with his love for God.

• He may have been the same person as Joseph of Arimathea, but there is no definitive evidence.

• Today, we must use both wealth and worldly success for the glory of Yeshuah.

• Loving God and observing His appointed times are not mere legalistic actions but true expressions of faith.

֎ Sin After Accepting Yeshua

The New Testament specifically warns about sins leading to death, stating that such sins cannot be absolved even through repentance, and thus must never be committed. However, it teaches that sins not leading to death can be forgiven through repentance (1 John 5:16-17).

This reveals that the Torah (Law), given by God as a guide to repentance and salvation in Yeshua the Savior, serves as a divine tool for discerning between good and evil (The Hebrew word "Torah" includes the meaning of teaching and guidance).

1 John 5

16 If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he should pray for him, and God will grant him life. This applies to those who commit sins not leading to death. But there is a sin that leads to death—I do not say that he should pray about that.
17 All unrighteousness is sin, but there is a sin that does not lead to death.

The Faith and Obedience of Abraham

Whether one is a Jew or a Gentile by birth does not matter. The key question is whether their faith aligns with the faith of Abraham, which was approved by God. This is the central standard that determines whether one becomes a descendant of Abraham by faith in Christ.

Abraham believed in God, who gave him His commandments, statutes, and laws, and he obeyed them. This shows that he did not obey the Law to boast of his own righteousness, but rather, he acted in a way that pleased God.

In other words, Abraham never had the attitude of "Since I have kept the Law, even God cannot judge me." Instead, he feared God, trusted in Him, and obeyed His will. This is the true faith that the Bible teaches.

Genesis 26:5

"Because Abraham obeyed My voice and kept My commandments, My statutes, and My laws."

The New Testament’s Testimony About Abraham’s Faith

John 8:56 (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

"Your father Abraham rejoiced to see My day, and he saw it and was glad."

Hebrews 11 (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

9 By faith, he lived as a foreigner in the land of promise, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, who were fellow heirs of the same promise.
10 For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose architect and builder is God.
16 But now they desire a better homeland—that is, a heavenly one. Therefore, God is not ashamed to be called their God, for He has prepared a city for them.

Deep Understanding of the Hebrew Bible and Confession of Faith

A deep understanding of the Hebrew Scriptures naturally leads to the confession in Isaiah 12, stating:
"The Lord God is my Yeshuah!"

Similarly, as declared in Genesis 49:18,
"I eagerly hope for the Yeshuah of the Lord!"

These confessions are not mere phrases but expressions of trust and expectation for the eternal life that the Lord God will fulfill through the Savior.

The Biblical Faith: Faith in Yeshua

The Bible clearly testifies to Abraham’s faith, revealing that he did not simply look forward to a future promise, but rather, he believed in the Yeshua of the Lord.

This is not mere symbolism but a concrete faith in the Savior, whom the Lord God would provide through His work of redemption. It is a firm conviction in the promise of salvation that would be fulfilled through Yeshua.

Linguistic Distortion and the Corruption of True Faith

However, those who distorted the Hebrew truth of the Bible often ascribed absolute authority to Latin, German, English, and Korean translations, neglecting the essence of the Hebrew Scriptures.

They attempted to dismiss or diminish the fact that Abraham believed in Yeshua, treating it as mere metaphorical language rather than recognizing it as a literal truth.

This is a serious error that obscures the core message of the Bible: God's plan of redemption through the Savior.

Conclusion

The clear truth revealed in the Hebrew Scriptures is that God completed salvation through Yeshua, and even Abraham firmly believed in this.

Any attempt to distort or diminish this truth weakens the perfection of God's redemption plan and disrupts the Bible's consistent message.

Therefore, a proper understanding of Scripture lies in restoring the fact that faith in Yeshua is at the center of the entire Old Testament.

Yeshua’s Obedience as the Perfect Example

Yeshua Himself said:
"I do not command or preach on My own authority, but I obey exactly as My Father in heaven has commanded."

Thus, Yeshua obeyed the Father, emphasizing that those who love Him will also keep His commandments.

Related Scriptures (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

John 5:30

"I can do nothing of My own accord. As I hear, I judge, and My judgment is righteous, because I do not seek My own will but the will of the One who sent Me."

John 14:21

"Whoever has My commandments and keeps them is the one who loves Me. The one who loves Me will be loved by My Father, and I too will love him and reveal Myself to him."

John 15:10

"Just as I have kept My Father's commandments and remain in His love, so also, if you keep My commandments, you will remain in My love."

֎ Love for God and the Law

1. Jesus' Teachings

Jesus Declares Love for God as the Core of the Law

• Matthew 22:36-40: When asked, "Which is the greatest commandment in the Law?"

  • Jesus quotes Deuteronomy 6:5: "Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind."

  • He declares this to be the first and greatest commandment.

  • Then, He adds Leviticus 19:18: "Love your neighbor as yourself."

  • He concludes: "All the Law and the Prophets depend on these two commandments."

  • Here, love for God and love for others are clearly established as the summary and essence of the Law.

Faith and Obedience

• Jesus demands more than mere legalistic observance; He calls for genuine faith and obedience from the heart.

• For example, when the rich young man claimed to have obeyed the Law, Jesus challenged his true devotion and love for God, exposing his inner attachment to wealth (Mark 10:21).

2. Paul's Letters: Love for God and Faith

1) Love for God as the Fulfillment of the Law

• Romans 13:8-10:

  • Paul declares: "Love is the fulfillment of the Law."

  • He explains that commandments such as "Do not murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal" are all summed up in the command to "Love your neighbor as yourself."

  • This demonstrates that Paul understood the essence of the Law as love.

• Galatians 5:14:

  • "The entire Law is fulfilled in one command: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.'”

  • Paul teaches that the Law is not merely about rules but is fulfilled through love.

2) The Relationship Between Faith and Love

• 1 Corinthians 13:2-3:

  • "If I have all faith, so that I could move mountains, but have not love, I am nothing."

  • Paul emphasizes that faith alone is not complete without love.

• Galatians 5:6:

  • "In Christ Jesus, neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything, but faith working through love."

  • Paul makes it clear that true faith manifests through love.

3. The New Testament’s Unified Perspective: The Centrality of Love for God

1) The Gospel of John and the Epistles of John

• John 14:15: "If you love Me, you will keep My commandments."

  • Jesus directly connects love and obedience, making them inseparable.

• 1 John 4:8: "God is love."

  • John emphasizes that God’s very nature is love, and thus, loving God is central to faith.

2) The Book of Hebrews

• Hebrews 11:6: "Without faith, it is impossible to please God."

  • Faith is the key to a relationship with God, but it is not just intellectual agreement—it is expressed through love, devotion, and obedience.

4. Conclusion: Is Love for God a Law or Faith?

"Is Love for God the Law or Faith?"

The answer is: Both.

1) Love for God Is the Essence of the Law

• From the first commandment in the Ten Commandments, love for God is the foundation of all laws.

• Jesus and Paul both affirm that love for God is the true essence of the Law, surpassing mere external obedience.

2) Love for God Is the Expression of Faith

• The New Testament does not separate love from faith.

• True faith produces love, and love is the practical manifestation of faith.

• Both Jesus and Paul teach that faith justifies, but that faith is proven by love.

3) Love for God Is the Fulfillment of Both the Law and Faith

• Love completes the demands of the Law.

• Love is also the fruit of true faith.

• Therefore, love for God is both the foundation of the Law and the ultimate expression of faith.

5. Application for Today

In our faith journey today, we must remember these principles:

• Without love for God, obeying the Law is meaningless.

  • Mere religious observance without love is empty before God.

• Love for God is the true fruit of faith.

  • Faith and love are inseparable; one cannot exist without the other.

• The essence of the Law is love.

  • God’s will is not about legalistic rule-keeping but about loving Him and loving others.

Thus, the New Testament clearly teaches that "Love for God is the fulfillment of the Law and the true expression of faith."

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:23-25

3:23

"Before faith came, we were held under the Law, locked up until the time when faith would be revealed."

3:24

"Thus, the Law became our tutor (pedagogue) leading us to Christ, so that we might be justified by faith."

3:25

"But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor."

The Era of the Tutor (Elementary Teacher)

In the past, a system was required for the forgiveness of sins through the shedding of animal blood.

• There needed to be a place and method for sacrificing animals.

• An altar was required.

• Priests were needed to serve at the altar.

However, these are no longer necessary because Jesus has fulfilled the Law and established salvation through His precious blood.

Now, a higher standard of holiness is required.

Before Jesus’ atoning work:

• People could repeatedly offer animal sacrifices after committing sins.

• This allowed for religious life to continue while still indulging in fleshly desires and self-centered practices.

After Jesus completed His work:

• Such compromises are no longer permitted.

• The old cycle of sin, sacrifice, and sin again is no longer acceptable.

• Believers must now fully live under the holiness established by Jesus.

The Holiness Required in the Age of the Holy Spirit

Now that the age of the Holy Spirit has arrived, even what might seem minor, such as telling a lie, is regarded as a serious sin.

• In some cases, even deception involving money led to death.

• The story of Ananias and Sapphira is a clear warning of this reality.

Acts 5:1-11 (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

1 But a man named Ananias, together with his wife Sapphira, sold a possession,
2 and kept back part of the money for himself, with his wife also aware of it. He brought a portion of the money and laid it at the apostles' feet.
3 But Peter said, "Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart so that you lied to the Holy Spirit and kept back part of the land’s price for yourself?"
4 "Before it was sold, was it not your own? And after it was sold, was it not under your control? Why have you conceived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God."
5 When Ananias heard these words, he fell down and died. And great fear came upon all who heard of it.
6 The young men arose, wrapped up his body, carried him out, and buried him.

7 About three hours later, his wife came in, not knowing what had happened.
8 Peter asked her, "Tell me, is this the full price you and your husband got for the land?"
She said, "Yes, that is the price."
9 Then Peter said to her, "How could you both agree to test the Spirit of the Lord? Behold, the feet of those who buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out also."
10 At that moment, she fell down at his feet and died. The young men came in, found her dead, and carried her out to be buried beside her husband.
11 Great fear seized the entire church and all who heard about these events.

Conclusion

• In the past, the Law functioned as a tutor to lead people to Christ.

• Now that faith has come, believers are no longer under the Law in the same way as before.

• However, this does not mean lawlessness, but rather a higher standard of holiness in the era of the Holy Spirit.

• The severity of Ananias and Sapphira’s judgment shows that compromises in faith are no longer tolerated.

• True faith requires complete sincerity, honesty, and dedication to God's holiness.

Literal Translation and Explanation: Galatians 3:26-27

3:26 "For you are all children of God through faith in Christ Jesus."
3:27 "For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ." 

Meaning of Baptism: More Than Just Water

This passage does not merely refer to baptism by water.

• It signifies being born again through water and the Spirit, through water, Spirit, and blood.

• It refers to union with Christ, leading to new life in Him.

• This is deeply connected to the biblical teaching that without the Spirit of Christ, one does not belong to Him.

Related Scriptures (Yeshuah Literal Translation)

Revelation 19:8

"She was granted to wear fine linen, bright and clean; for the fine linen is the righteous acts of the saints."

James 2:17

"Faith without works is dead by itself."

1 John 5:8

"There are three that testify: the Spirit, the water, and the blood; and these three are in agreement."

John 3:5

"Jesus answered, ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.’"

Matthew 3:11

"I baptize you with water for repentance, but He who comes after me will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire."

Romans 8:9

"Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to Him."

Conclusion

• Baptism signifies true union with Christ, not just a ritual.

• Being born again requires water, Spirit, and blood, aligning with God's testimony.

• Faith must be accompanied by action, as true faith is alive and transformative.

• Only those who have the Spirit of Christ truly belong to Him.

Thus, baptism is not merely an external act but a deeper spiritual reality of being clothed in Christ.

Literal Translation and Commentary: Galatians 3:28-29

3:28

"There is no longer Jew or Greek, slave or free, male or female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus."

3:29

"And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s offspring and heirs according to the promise."

Baptism of the Holy Spirit, Belonging to Christ, Becoming Abraham’s Offspring

The baptism of the Holy Spirit is not merely an outward phenomenon.

• It is not just about experiencing heat, trembling, falling, or speaking in unknown tongues.

• The true baptism of the Holy Spirit involves being born again through the Spirit and having the indwelling presence of God’s Spirit.

Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to Him.

• Therefore, true baptism in the Holy Spirit is about being sanctified by the Spirit.

• This refers to the Holy Spirit, promised through Jesus' bloodshed, resurrection, and ascension, coming upon His holy people and working in them.

This is not just an emotional experience.

• It is the manifestation of life through faith with action.

• It is the power of the Kingdom of Heaven actively working in the believer’s life.

Conclusion

• In Christ, all distinctions disappear, and all believers are united as one.

• Those who belong to Christ are Abraham’s offspring and heirs of God’s promise.

• True baptism of the Holy Spirit is not just an external experience but the indwelling and sanctifying work of God’s Spirit.

• It is a life where the power of the Kingdom of Heaven is revealed through faith in action.